{"id":4792,"date":"2025-11-14T08:58:31","date_gmt":"2025-11-14T00:58:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bacintl.com\/?p=4792"},"modified":"2025-11-14T08:58:31","modified_gmt":"2025-11-14T00:58:31","slug":"which-air-filters-are-needed-in-the-air-purification-of-nuclear-power-plants","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bacintl.com\/fr\/which-air-filters-are-needed-in-the-air-purification-of-nuclear-power-plants\/","title":{"rendered":"Which air filters are needed in the air purification of nuclear power plants?"},"content":{"rendered":"
Analysis of Core Equipment for Air Purification in Nuclear Power Plants: Selection and Application of Air Filters
\nAs a high-safety-level energy facility, the air purification system of a nuclear power plant is directly related to nuclear safety, the stable operation of equipment, and the health of personnel. It is necessary to adopt a combined solution of “multi-stage filtration + functional segmentation” to address complex pollutants, including radioactive aerosols, harmful gases, and dust particles. The following are the types, functions, and application scenarios of core air filters in nuclear power plant air purification, which are explained in combination with industry standards and technical characteristics:
\nI. Pre-treatment filters: Coarse\/medium efficiency filtration, the first line of defense
\nCoarse filter (G1-G4 grade, EN 779 standard)
\nCore function: Intercept large particles of dust (\u22655\u03bcm), hair, fibers, and other impurities in the air, prevent premature clogging of subsequent high-precision filters, extend their service life, and reduce system operating costs.
\nFilter materials: Commonly used are polyester fibers, non-woven fabrics, metal meshes, etc. In some working conditions, flame-retardant materials are selected (to meet the fire protection requirements of nuclear power plants).
\nSc\u00e9narios d'application
\nPre-treatment of intake air for the ventilation system in conventional areas of nuclear power plants (such as offices and auxiliary workshops);
\nPrimary filtration for the ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) systems of the nuclear island and conventional island, protecting equipment such as fans and heat exchangers.
\nTransitioning from pre-treatment, the next crucial step in air purification is medium efficiency filtration. Medium efficiency filters (F5-F9 grade, EN 779 standard) play a specific role in this process:
\nFilter materials: superfine glass fiber, polyester-coated fiber, etc. Some adopt a folded structure to increase the filtration area.
\nSc\u00e9narios d'application
\nIntermediate filtration for ventilation in areas such as the auxiliary plant of the nuclear island and the steam turbine room of the conventional island;
\nThe pretreatment stage of the ventilation system in the nuclear power plant laboratory and control room is used to prevent fine dust from affecting precision instruments.
\nAfter medium efficiency filtration, high-precision core filtration becomes vital for nuclear safety. This next section details high-efficiency and ultra-high-efficiency filters, which are the key to radioactive protection:
\nHigh-efficiency filters (HEPA, H10-H14 grades, EN 1822 standard)
\nCore functions: Intercepting sub-micron particles (\u22650.3\u03bcm), with a filtration efficiency of \u226599.9% for radioactive aerosols (such as nuclear fission products, radioactive dust) (H13 grade), it is the core equipment for radioactive protection in nuclear power plants.
\nFilter material: Superfine glass fiber filter paper (such as borosilicate glass fiber), with a folded structure, combined with a frame (aluminum alloy, stainless steel) with excellent sealing performance to prevent air leakage.
\nSc\u00e9narios d'application
\nNuclear island containment ventilation system (filtering radioactive aerosols and preventing their diffusion under normal operation and accident conditions);
\nExhaust air filtration in radioactive waste treatment workshops and nuclear fuel operation areas;
\nThe “purification air shower room” at the personnel entrance and exit is equipped with air supply filtration to prevent people from carrying radioactive particles outside.
\n2. Ultra-high efficiency filters (ULPA, U15-U17 grade, EN 1822 standard)
\nCore function: Filtration efficiency for extremely fine particles (\u22650.12\u03bcm) is \u226599.9995% (U15 grade), suitable for scenarios with extremely high requirements for cleanliness and radioactive protection, further enhancing filtration accuracy.
\nFilter material: Finer glass fiber filter paper, combined with high-efficiency sealant (such as silicone sealant), and the frame is made of stainless steel (corrosion-resistant and radiation-proof).
\nSc\u00e9narios d'application
\nAir supply filtration for the main control room of the nuclear power plant and the control room of nuclear safety-level equipment (to ensure that precision instruments are not contaminated by dust and radioactivity);
\nLocal purification of key equipment areas such as nuclear reactor coolant pumps and steam generators;
\nVentilation and filtration in the radioactive sample analysis laboratory (to protect laboratory personnel and equipment).
\nIii. Special Function Filters: Specifically designed for treating harmful pollutants
\nActivated carbon filter (Chemical adsorption type)
\nCore function: Adsorb harmful gases in the air (such as radioactive iodine, chlorine, formaldehyde, acidic gases, etc.), especially for radioactive iodine isotopes (such as I-131) that may be released under nuclear power plant accident conditions. It is a key device for chemical protection.
\nFilter material: Impregnated activated carbon (such as activated carbon impregnated with potassium iodide and triethylenediamine), enhancing the adsorption capacity for specific gases; Some parts adopt a honeycomb structure to enhance adsorption efficiency and service life.
\nSc\u00e9narios d'application
\nNuclear island containment exhaust system (in accident conditions, adsorbs radioactive iodine to prevent it from being discharged into the atmosphere)
\nVentilation and filtration in radioactive laboratories and nuclear fuel storage areas;
\nNuclear power plant exhaust gas treatment system (used in combination with HEPA filters to achieve dual filtration of “particles + gas”).
\n2. Metal fiber filter (High-temperature resistant\/corrosion-resistant type
\nCore functions: Resistant to high temperatures (up to over 400\u2103), high pressures, and corrosive gases, intercepting dust and radioactive particles in high-temperature flue gas, suitable for extreme working conditions.
\nFilter material: Stainless steel fibers (such as 316L, 304 stainless steel), processed by sintering, featuring excellent air permeability and mechanical strength, and can be repeatedly cleaned and reused.
\nSc\u00e9narios d'application
\nExhaust filtration of the reactor containment spray system in nuclear power plants (particle filtration in high-temperature and high-pressure environments under accident conditions);
\nHigh-temperature flue gas filtration in the nuclear waste incineration treatment workshop;
\nPre-treatment filtration of the flue of the conventional island boiler (intercepting high-temperature dust to protect subsequent equipment).
\n3. Iodine adsorber (Special radioactive gas filtration)
\nCore function: Specifically designed for the adsorption of radioactive iodine and its compounds (elemental iodine, organic iodine), with a filtration efficiency of \u226599.97%, it is a core device for the protection of radioactive gases in nuclear power plants (often combined with HEPA filters to form a “HEPA + iodine adsorber” unit).
\nFilter material: Impregnated activated carbon (such as activated carbon impregnated with silver nitrate or potassium iodide), which fixes radioactive iodine through chemical reactions to prevent its desorption.
\nSc\u00e9narios d'application
\nNuclear island containment exhaust system (iodine adsorption under normal operation and accident conditions)
\nVentilation and filtration for nuclear fuel reprocessing workshops and radioactive iodine laboratories;
\nTerminal filtration at the atmospheric emission outlet of nuclear power plants (to ensure that the emitted gas complies with national standards such as GB 6249).
\nIv. Core Selection Principles for Nuclear Power Plant Filters
\nSafety grade matching: Nuclear safety grade filters (such as HEPA and iodine adsorbers used in containment) need to be certified by international nuclear safety standards (such as ASME AG-1, ISO 16890) to ensure reliability under accident conditions;
\nFiltration efficiency classification: Select the appropriate grade based on the degree of regional pollution (for example, G4\/F8 for conventional areas and H13\/U15 for radioactive areas) to avoid energy waste caused by excessive filtration.
\nEnvironmental resistance performance: It needs to withstand the high temperature, high humidity, radiation, and corrosive environment of nuclear power plants. Stainless steel and flame-retardant materials are preferred for the frame and materials.
\nSealing and leak detection: All filters must have excellent sealing performance. After installation, they must pass the PAO leak detection test (EN 1822 standard) to prevent radioactive particle leakage.
\nLifespan and maintenance: Prioritize filters with replaceable filter materials to reduce replacement costs. At the same time, it should have an online monitoring function (such as differential pressure monitoring) to promptly warn of filter blockage.
\nR\u00e9sum\u00e9
\nThe selection of filters for the air purification system of nuclear power plants should focus on the three core demands of “particle filtration + gas adsorption + adaptation to extreme working conditions”, forming a multi-level combination scheme of “coarse efficiency \u2192 medium efficiency \u2192HEPA\/ULPA\u2192 activated carbon\/iodine adsorber”. Among them, the HEPA filter is the core of radioactive particle protection, and the iodine adsorber is the key to radioactive gas protection. Together with the pretreatment filter and the special function filter, they jointly build the air safety barrier of the nuclear power plant, ensuring the safety of personnel, equipment, and the environment.<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Analysis of Core Equipment for Air Purification in Nuclear Power Plants: Selection and Application of Air Filters As a high-safety-level energy facility, the air purification system of a nuclear power plant is directly related to nuclear safety, the stable operation of equipment, and the health of personnel. It is necessary to adopt a combined solution […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":4187,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[92],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4792","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-industry-technology"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bacintl.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4792","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bacintl.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bacintl.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bacintl.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bacintl.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4792"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.bacintl.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4792\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4793,"href":"https:\/\/www.bacintl.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4792\/revisions\/4793"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bacintl.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4187"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bacintl.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4792"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bacintl.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4792"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bacintl.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4792"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}